The answer is work hardening.
Work hardening sheet metal.
Sometimes you can break a headpin or a piece of wire when repeatedly trying to get a coil just right.
The model has been used to describe the effect of tension force on the bending moment in a linear elastic work hardening sheet material.
Work hardening also known as strain hardening is the strengthening of a metal or polymer by plastic deformation work hardening may be desirable undesirable or inconsequential depending on the context.
Examples of cold rolled products include steel sheets strips bars and rods.
Work hardening in metallurgy increase in hardness of a metal induced deliberately or accidentally by hammering rolling drawing or other physical processes.
Cold rolling is the most common method of work hardening.
It is both a problem for and an asset to anyone who has to repair sheet metal.
As it moves through the rollers and is compressed the metal grains are deformed.
Then the bending moment versus tension has been plotted.
The phenomenon of work hardening is critical in the design and fabrication of sheet metal automobile panels.
This strengthening occurs because of dislocation movements and dislocation generation within the crystal structure of the material.
Many jewelry makers have felt the effects of work hardening.
The asset is that the areas where dies have deformed sheet metal from its original flat state provide much of the necessary panel strength in body design.
Many non brittle metals with a reasonably high melting.